Niaj hnub no, cov tshuab embedded tau nce zuj zus thoob plaws ntau thaj chaw xws li cov tsev ntse, kev kho mob ntse, kev lag luam automation, thiab kev thauj mus los ntse. Thaum lub sij hawm embedded system txoj kev loj hlob, cov ntaub ntawv qauv sawv cev ib qho tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb kev paub cheeb tsam. Kab lus no qhia txog ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib xws hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, suav nrog arrays, stacks, queues, heaps, hash tables, thiab linked lists.
I. Arrays
Ib qho array yog cov ntaub ntawv linear tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm tib hom. Cov ntsiab lus no tuaj yeem nkag mus thiab tswj tau siv cov ntsuas ntsuas. Nyob rau hauv embedded systems, arrays feem ntau yog siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov program code. Piv txwv li, ib qho array tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los khaws cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa, cov ntaub ntawv sensor, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv xav tau hauv ib qho program.
Arrays muab qhov zoo dua ntawm kev nkag mus tsis tau tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev ntxig thiab tshem tawm haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv embedded systems yuav tsum tau nquag insertions thiab deletion, lwm cov ntaub ntawv qauv raug pom zoo.
II. Pob
Ib pawg yog cov qauv ntaub ntawv tawm uas ua raws li Lub Xeem-Nyob rau hauv-Thawj-Out (LIFO) txoj cai, tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus tso rau hauv thiab tshem tawm ntawm ib kawg. Hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, pawg feem ntau yog siv los siv kev hu xov tooj, cuam tshuam kev tuav, thiab cov haujlwm zoo sib xws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qho system embedded, ib pawg tuaj yeem khaws qhov chaw nyob xa rov qab, qhov hloov pauv hauv zos, thiab cov haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm.
Stacks muab kev nkag tau zoo thiab tshem tawm cov haujlwm tab sis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev nkag mus. Hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, pawg qhov chaw feem ntau txwv, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tswj kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li pawg overflow.
III. Daim ntawv
Ib kab yog cov ntaub ntawv kab uas ua raws li Thawj-Nyob rau hauv-Thawj-Tawm (FIFO) txoj cai, tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus tso rau ntawm ib kawg thiab tshem tawm ntawm lwm qhov. Hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, queues feem ntau yog siv rau kev teem sijhawm ua haujlwm, nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov haujlwm zoo sib xws. Piv txwv li, lub kaw lus embedded yuav ntiav ib kab los khaws cov npe ua haujlwm, cov ntaub ntawv sensor, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
Cov Queues muaj kev nkag tau zoo thiab tshem tawm cov haujlwm tab sis tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev nkag mus. Hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, queue qhov chaw feem ntau txwv, yuav tsum tau ceev faj kev siv thiab kev tswj xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li kab dhau.
IV. Heap
Ib lub heap yog tsob ntoo -raws li cov ntaub ntawv qauv uas ua rau kom sai sai ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws lossis qhov tsawg kawg nkaus. Nyob rau hauv embedded systems, heaps feem ntau yog siv rau dynamic nco faib thiab ua ntej queues. Piv txwv li, ib lub heap tuaj yeem faib ua lub cim xeeb dynamically thiab siv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tseem ceeb.
Heaps muab kev saib xyuas thiab tshem tawm haujlwm tau zoo tab sis ua haujlwm tsis zoo thaum tso. Hauv cov txheej txheem embedded, heap qhov chaw feem ntau txwv, yuav tsum tau ceev faj tswj kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li heap overflow.
V. Hash Tables
Hash tables yog cov qauv ntaub ntawv raws li hash functions, ua kom ceev cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav thiab tshem tawm. Nyob rau hauv embedded systems, hash tables feem ntau yog siv rau ceev cov ntaub ntawv retrieve thiab cia. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug embedded system, hash tables yuav khaws cov ntaub ntawv sensor, ntaus ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.
Cov ntxhuav Hash muab kev saib xyuas zoo thiab tshem tawm haujlwm tab sis siv qhov chaw nco tseem ceeb. Muab lub cim xeeb tsawg hauv cov tshuab embedded, kev tswj xyuas kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li kev nco dhau.
VI. Txuas cov npe
Ib daim ntawv txuas yog cov qauv ntaub ntawv siv los ntawm cov pointers, ua kom nrawm nrawm thiab tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv cov kab ke sib txuas, cov npe txuas feem ntau yog siv los siv cov ntaub ntawv tsim xws li cov kab thiab pawg, nrog rau kev faib cov cim xeeb dynamic. Piv txwv li, lub kaw lus embedded yuav ntiav cov npe txuas los tswj cov npe ua haujlwm lossis cov ntaub ntawv buffers.
Cov npe sib txuas muab cov kev nkag tau zoo thiab kev tshem tawm tab sis tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev nkag mus. Kev tswj hwm kev nco rau cov npe sib txuas hauv cov kab ke sib txuas yog qhov nyuaj, xav tau kev siv ceev faj thiab kev tswj xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem xws li kev nco qab.
Cov ntsiab lus
Cov txheej txheem cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho kev paub tseem ceeb hauv kev kos duab. Kab lus no qhia txog ntau yam ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam embedded, xws li arrays, stacks, queues, heaps, hash tables, thiab linked lists. Cov qauv ntaub ntawv no muaj kev siv dav hauv cov tshuab kos, ua rau cov neeg tsim khoom siv ntau yam haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv cov qauv ntaub ntawv no, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau qhov chaw txwv, kev ua tau zoo, thiab lwm yam kev txiav txim siab los tiv thaiv qhov tsis tsim nyog thiab teeb meem.