Daim ntawv no muab cov lus piav qhia ncaj nraim ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab kev cia siab ntawm PLC thev naus laus zis, daim ntawv thov cov tswv yim rau kev lag luam automation PLC tswj cov tshuab, thiab kev debugging thiab optimization ntawm PLC kev tswj cov txheej txheem.
PLC sawv cev rau Programmable Logic Controller. Qhov tseem ceeb, PLC yog cov cuab yeej tswj hwm uas sib koom ua ke ntau yam thev naus laus zis xws li internet, khoos phis tawj, thiab kev sib txuas lus. Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis hauv lub hnub nyoog digital, PLC thev naus laus zis tau ntsib kev loj hlob sai thiab tawg. PLCs, tsim nyog rau kaw- voj tswj, digital input/output control, thiab sequential logic control, yog tam sim no nthuav dav permeating thiab ua tiav tsis tau muaj koob meej nyob rau hauv kev lag luam automation, nrog nce qib ntawm digitalization nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov technology. Kawm txog daim ntawv thov ntawm PLC tswj cov tshuab hauv kev lag luam automation thiab nkag siab tob txog cov txheej txheem kev debugging rau PLC cov kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho thiab kho kom zoo ntawm kev tswj cov tshuab.
I. Yam ntxwv ntawm PLC Technology
Kev nce qib ntawm microcomputers tau ua rau lawv daim ntawv thov hauv ntau yam kev tswj xyuas tshuab, ua rau PLC thev naus laus zis. Cov thev naus laus zis no siv cov software sib txawv los ua kom tiav ntau txoj haujlwm. Tom qab xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho thiab kev vam meej, PLC thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo, kev ntseeg siab, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim.
1. Kev ua haujlwm siab
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) yog cov khoos phis tawj hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb tsim los rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam. Lawv cov qauv kho vajtse yog qhov zoo ib yam li cov microcomputers, ua kom muaj zog xws li khaws cia, kaw, thiab tswj los ntawm programmable logic. PLC tswj tau qhov txawv los ntawm lawv cov thev naus laus zis siab, muaj peev xwm khaws cia loj, cov khoom siv dav dav, cov neeg siv khoom dav dav, thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau zoo. Lawv daim ntawv thov txuas ntxiv nthuav dav thoob plaws ntau thaj chaw raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm cov kev txawj tshwj xeeb hauv kev sib koom ua ke, lawv ua kom pom qhov txawv txav thiab ntau yam, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam machinery.
2. Kev ntseeg siab
PLC thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv kev lag luam hnyav. Nws hloov pauv tib neeg cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw muaj kev phom sij- xws li metallurgy, thee mining, chemical plants, and foundries-qhov twg muaj cov pa phem, plua plav, thiab cov khoom tawg yooj yim / tawg. Nrog lub zog poob siab tsis kam thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam, PLC cov tshuab ua haujlwm zoo dua qub relay-raws li kev tswj hwm hauv kev ntseeg tau, kev hais kom ua tiav, thiab kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm.
3. Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim
PLC tswj cov tshuab muaj cov lus qhia ncaj nraim thiab kev loj hlob luv luv. Kev tsim, kev teeb tsa, thiab kev debugging tsis dhau qhov nyuaj, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm ntau ntxiv. Thaum cov haujlwm tswj hwm tshiab tshwm sim, tsuas yog kev hloov kho software tsuas yog xav tau los siv lawv. Ntxiv mus, hardware disassembly yog qhov tsis tsim nyog thaum lub sij hawm tswj kev hloov kho, ua rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim dua thiab ncaj nraim.
4. Kev tu phooj ywg
PLC tswj cov tshuab ua rau pom qhov tsis ua haujlwm tsawg thiab muaj tus kheej muaj zog - muaj peev xwm kuaj tau rau kev ua haujlwm. Lawv tsis tu ncua saib xyuas lawv tus kheej ua haujlwm, ua kom muaj kev kho thiab kho kom raws sijhawm raws li kev kuaj mob, ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm siab.
II. Daim ntawv thov Prospects ntawm PLC Systems
PLCs tuaj yeem khaws cov lus qhia ua haujlwm los ntawm tib neeg thiab ua raws li cov kev coj ua raws sijhawm. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm software systems, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg ua tau zoo tshaj -txoj kev ua tau zoo, muab cov kev xav tsis zoo rau daim ntawv thov.
1. Intelligent Society
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm 5G mobile kev sib txuas lus thiab pib ntawm 6G kev tshawb fawb, peb yuav sai sai nkag mus rau hauv ib lub zej zog txawj ntse. Kev lag luam automation thev naus laus zis kuj tseem yuav hloov mus rau kev txawj ntse, thiab PLC tswj cov tshuab yuav ua rau muaj kev txawj ntse dua. Qhov no yuav ua kom nrawm dua, ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qub thiab txuag nyiaj ntau dua hauv tib neeg cov peev txheej.
2. Mechatronics
Raws li ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, kev ua tiav mechatronics sawv cev rau qhov kev xav tsis thoob hauv hluav taws xob automation. Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv tswj kev muaj peev xwm thiab kev ua tau zoo hauv PLCs yuav ua rau cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo. Qhov no ua rau cov tuam txhab lag luam tswj hwm cov nqi zoo hauv cov tshuab mechatronic, yog li tau txais txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntau dua.
3. Mass Innovation
Nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis, hluav taws xob automation tswj cov tshuab yuav txuas ntxiv txhim kho lawv txoj haujlwm, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau kev tsim kho tshiab los ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov.
III. Daim ntawv thov tswv yim rau Industrial Automation PLC Tswj Systems
Daim ntawv thov ntawm industrial automation PLC systems yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws cov theem pib. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis tu ncua kev tshawb fawb theoretical ntawm PLC thev naus laus zis, tsav kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv thiab kev ua kom zoo.
1. Deepening PLC Technology R&D
PLC thev naus laus zis tau tshwm sim thiab hloov kho los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab. Ua kom nws R&D suav nrog kev nthuav dav daim ntawv thov, nce cov software hauv tsev thiab kho vajtse hauv cheeb tsam, kho cov txheej txheem theoretical rau kev tswj hwm kev debugging, daws cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm, thiab ua kom muaj kev txawj ntse ntawm kev lag luam automation PLC tswj cov tshuab.
2. Tsim PLC Daim Ntawv Thov thiab Debugging Standards
PLC thev naus laus zis ua haujlwm rau ntau lub hom phiaj thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam, nrog rau kev tswj hwm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv thiab cov ntawv thov. Yog li ntawd, kev ua kom nrawm ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab cov qauv kev debugging yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov qauv kev sib koom ua ke pab txhawb kev hla - kev lag luam kev sib koom tes. Kev lag luam yuav tsum sib koom ua ke los txhim kho cov qauv kev lag luam, cov qauv kev ua tau zoo, thiab cov qauv kev sim, ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm PLC thev naus laus zis.
3. Txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv thiab cov neeg siv
Txawm hais tias PLC technology siv nyob qhov twg, kev sib txuas lus zoo ntawm tus tsim thiab cov neeg siv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias PLC thev naus laus zis ua raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau muab cov lus qhia tam sim ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim thaum ua haujlwm rau cov neeg tsim qauv. Qhov no pab txhawb kev siv thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv thiab ua kom zoo dua qub.
IV. Program Debugging rau PLC Tswj Systems
Kev tswj hwm txoj haujlwm yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias PLC qhov kev ua haujlwm ua tau raws li - qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Ua ntej commissioning, nws muaj kev sim thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov system configuration thiab logic functions kom tshem tawm tej yam txhaum thaum ntxov.
1. Laboratory Debugging
Raws li lub npe qhia, kuaj debugging yog ua nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tswj thiab sawv cev rau thawj theem kev sim rau PLC cov kev pab cuam. Kauj ruam ib yog siv cov "cov ntaub ntawv check" muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub programming software thaum lub programmer yog disconnected los ntawm tus tswv tsev. Qhov no kuaj xyuas cov syntax thiab cov laj thawj tsis raug hauv cov lus programmes, tso cai rau kev kho tam sim yog tias pom muaj. Kauj ruam 2: Txuas tus programmer rau PLC tus tswv. Tshawb xyuas kev sib txuas lus chaw nres nkoj parameter teeb tsa thiab PLC / I / O xwm txheej teeb tsa. Force hais txog cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim thiab cov teeb liab nruab nrab relay, tom qab ntawd saib cov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua tau raws li qhov kev xav tau ntawm qhov kev xav tau. Ua cov kev kuaj xyuas ua ntej, txhim kho qhov kev pab cuam, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tsim nyog.
2. Hoobkas Commissioning
Ua ntej ua zaub mov xa tuaj, ua kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv sib dhos ua ke. Qhov no ua kom tag nrho PLC system configuration yog lub suab zoo. Debugging cov kauj ruam: Tom qab txheeb xyuas CPU thiab tsheb npav interface raws li txoj cai, lub zog ntawm lub kaw lus. Saib xyuas seb qhov taw qhia teeb ntawm CPU module thiab interface modules teeb. Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov tseeb PLC system phim qhov chaw nres tsheb hauv chaw taws teeb thiab module teeb tsa hauv qhov kev pab cuam "Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Sib Txuas Lus I/Omap." Tshawb xyuas qhov kev sib txuas lus ntawm qhov system. Tom ntej no, txuas lub DIP hloov-raws li simulator rau lub input module terminals los simulate cov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag. Sequentially toggle keyboards raws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm input signals thiab teb tawm tswv yim (xws li, txwv hloov txoj cai). Thaum kawg, txuas tag nrho cov debugged tswj muaj nuj nqi thaiv thiab saib xyuas cov khoom sib txuas ua ke ntawm tus programmer thiab cov khoom tsim tawm los txheeb xyuas qhov kev ua raws li kev cai lij choj. Debug los ntawm simulating sib txawv kev khiav hauj lwm hom, systematically xyuas txhua ceg nyob rau hauv lub logic daim duab kom txog rau thaum inputs thiab outputs tsis tu ncua raws li kev xav tau nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tej yam kev mob.
3. Ntawm -Site Debugging
Tom qab kev teeb tsa ntawm PLC system, ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej kev lees paub zaum kawg. Txuas lub programmable tswj system mus rau actuators ib daim duab kos duab, nruab cov cuab yeej saib xyuas ntawm cov haujlwm uas tau xaiv, thiab saib xyuas cov khoom siv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm debugging, zoo -tune thiab hloov kho qhov kev pab cuam raws li qhov tseeb startup tej yam kev mob thiab tus neeg teb xov tooj yuav tsum tau kom txog rau thaum tag nrho cov system ua hauj lwm ntseeg tau.
V. Field Optimization ntawm PLC Tswj Systems
Cov cuab yeej siv tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw hnyav uas muaj suab nrov thiab kev co tuaj yeem cuam tshuam PLC tswj cov tshuab. Cov teeb liab cuam tshuam tsis xav txog tej zaum yuav ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm qhov tiag - tswj lub sijhawm, ua rau lub cev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, kev txhim kho cov cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas thiab kev saib xyuas yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev kho sai sai yuav tsum tau ua los daws cov teeb meem tsis zoo. Kev tsom xam yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov hauv qab no:
1. Saib xyuas cov tswv yim / tso zis tam sim no ntawm Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
Lub hwj chim mov rau PLC tswj tshuab muab kev cais tawm. Xyuas kom ruaj khov tam sim no cov tswv yim thiab tso zis kev ua tau zoo kom txo cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav tshwj xeeb, teeb tsa qis - dhau cov lim dej thiab hloov pauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nkag ntawm PLC tswj qhov system.
2. cais cov kab hluav taws xob thiab kev sib txuas lus
Electromagnetic cuam tshuam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus, ua rau muaj teeb meem cuam tshuam lossis ceeb toom tsis tseeb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis ua haujlwm lossis ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Thaum xaim, cov kab hluav taws xob thiab cov kab sib txuas yuav tsum tau sib cais thiab tsis txhob muab tso rau hauv tib lub kav dej. High-faiv fab transformers thiab cov kab sib kis kuj yog qhov chaw cuam tshuam; Cov chaw tswj hluav taws xob thiab cov kab sib txuas lus yuav tsum nyob deb ntawm lawv li sai tau. Qhov kev ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws yog khiav kev sib txuas lus cables los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev cuam tshuam txaus thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau cov kab sib txuas lus.
3. Kev lim dej digital
Vim yog qhov chaw tsim khoom hnyav, cov teeb liab analog nrog cov teeb liab qis - rau - suab nrov feem ntau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hlau nplaum muaj zog, ua rau cov qauv hloov pauv thiab teeb liab yuam kev. Thaum cov teeb meem tsis zoo no tau lees paub tias muaj, cov kev lim dej digital tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los tshem tawm cov cim tsis xav tau, yog li tau txais cov teeb liab ntshiab. Tshwj xeeb, cov teeb liab tau hloov mus rau hauv cov txiaj ntsig digital tsis sib xws ntawm A / D hloov dua siab tshiab, tom qab ntawd muab khaws cia rau hauv PLC nco raws li lub sijhawm-series cov ntaub ntawv, thiab thaum kawg ua tiav siv cov kev lim dej digital.
4. Software Fault Tolerance
Fault-kev ua haujlwm dawb yog ua tsis tau rau ob qho tib si kho vajtse thiab software. Yuav kom ua tiav siab - kev ntseeg siab thiab siab - kev ruaj ntseg system software technology, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los daws cov teeb meem software sab hauv. Tib lub sijhawm, software ua txhaum cai tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los daws lwm yam kev ua txhaum uas tshwm sim hauv PLC system. Traditional software fault kam rau ua cia siab rau "ntau yam" redundancy los hais txog software- tshwj xeeb tsis ua haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau suav nrog kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab cov nqi siab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nce qib hauv software ua txhaum cai thev naus laus zis tam sim no siv cov ntsuas me me, ua kom muaj kev txiav txim siab ntau dua - ua, thiab muab kev pab cuam dav dua. Kev siv cov txheej txheem kev ua txhaum cai rau PLC qhov kev pab cuam debugging kuj tau ua pov thawj zoo heev.
VI. Xaus
Kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis nce qib paub tsis muaj kev cia siab. Raws li PLC thev naus laus zis hloov zuj zus thiab nws cov ntawv thov kev lag luam nthuav dav, nws yuav nkag mus rau ntau qhov chaw. PLC thev naus laus zis tsuas yog pib nws txoj kev taug kev hauv kev lag luam automation, thiab nws cov peev xwm siv tau hauv lub neej txhua hnub yog qhov loj. Lub neej yav tom ntej yuav undoubtedly pom ib tug zoo leap los ntawm quantitative loj hlob. Txhawm rau tuav lub sijhawm tshiab no, peb yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav kev paub tshiab thiab ntsuas qhov siab tshiab.