Industrial tswj systems yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm industrial automation. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob tau dhau los ntawm ntau theem, txhua tus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab thev naus laus zis.
I. The Mechanical Control Theem
1. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Mechanical Control Theem
Cov txheej txheem tswj kev siv tshuab yog lub sijhawm ntxov tshaj plaws hauv kev txhim kho kev lag luam tswj kev lag luam, pib nrog Industrial Revolution ntawm xyoo pua 18th. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov neeg pib siv cov cuab yeej siv tshuab los hloov cov neeg siv phau ntawv thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem tswj kev siv tshuab
Thaum lub sij hawm kev tswj xyuas tshuab, cov tshuab tswj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab xws li cov iav, levers, thiab sliders. Cov khoom no tswj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm lub cev. Cov txheej txheem tswj nyob rau theem no muaj cov qauv yooj yim tab sis muaj qhov tseeb qis thiab tawm tsam los siv cov kev tswj xyuas nyuaj.
3. Kev txwv ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem
Cov txheej txheem tswj nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tswj theem muaj ntau yam kev txwv, xws li kev tswj tsis tshua muaj neeg, lub sij hawm teb qeeb, thiab tsis zoo scalability. Cov kev txwv no txwv tsis pub siv cov kev tswj hwm kev lag luam hauv thaj chaw dav.
II. Theem hluav taws xob tswj
1. Keeb kwm ntawm Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
Cov theem tswj hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lig 19th mus rau thaum ntxov 20th centuries. Nrog rau kev siv hluav taws xob dav dav, tib neeg pib siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tswj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
Hauv theem tswj hluav taws xob, kev tswj hwm feem ntau muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li relays, contactors, thiab keyboards. Cov khoom no tswj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab los ntawm kev sib txuas hluav taws xob. Piv nrog rau cov txheej txheem tswj kev siv tshuab, cov tshuab tswj hauv theem no muaj kev tswj xyuas siab dua thiab cov lus teb sai dua.
3. Cov kev txwv ntawm theem kev tswj hluav taws xob
Txawm hais tias theem kev tswj hluav taws xob sawv cev rau kev nce qib tseem ceeb ntawm theem kev tswj xyuas tshuab, nws tseem muaj qee qhov kev txwv, xws li kev tswj xyuas tsis yooj yim, kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab teeb meem hauv kev kuaj mob.
III. Electronic Control Theem
1. Keeb kwm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj theem
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj theem pib hauv xyoo 1950. Nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob, tib neeg tau pib siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los tswj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
Nyob rau theem tswj hluav taws xob, cov tshuab tswj feem ntau muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li transistors, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab microprocessors. Cov khoom no muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua thiab kev siv hluav taws xob qis dua, ua rau txo qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tshuab tswj, thaum tseem muab cov kev tswj xyuas ntau dua thiab cov lus teb ceev.
3. Kev txwv ntawm Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob Era
Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm tswj hluav taws xob pom kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj xyuas qhov tseeb thiab cov lus teb ceev, nws tseem muaj qee qhov kev txwv, xws li kev hloov pauv tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam.
IV. Lub Computer Control Era
1. Keeb kwm ntawm lub Computer Control Era
Lub computer tswj era pib nyob rau hauv 1970s. Nrog rau kev siv tshuab computer dav dav, tib neeg pib siv computer los tswj cov cuab yeej siv tshuab.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj tswj theem
Nyob rau hauv lub computer tswj theem, tswj systems feem ntau muaj computer hardware thiab software. Cov khoos phis tawj muaj peev xwm suav nrog, khaws cia, thiab kev sib txuas lus, ua rau kev siv cov txheej txheem tswj kev nyuaj thiab kev xav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoos phis tawj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm xws li kev saib xyuas tej thaj chaw deb, kuaj xyuas qhov txhaum, thiab kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv.
3. Cov kev txwv ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Khoos phis tawj theem
Txawm hais tias lub koos pij tawj tswj theem sawv cev rau kev nce qib tseem ceeb dhau los ntawm cov theem dhau los, nws tseem muaj qee qhov kev txwv, xws li kev xav tau siab rau kev ua tau zoo tiag tiag - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thiab muaj kev vam khom rau kho vajtse.
V. The Networked Control Theem
1. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Networked Control Theem
Lub network tswj theem pib hauv 1990s. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev siv tshuab computer sib txuas, tib neeg pib siv cov tes hauj lwm los ua kom cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj kev lag luam tswj kev lag luam.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tswj Xyuas Network
Nyob rau hauv lub networked tswj theem, tswj systems pab txhawb kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv thiab kev tswj ntawm cov khoom siv hauv Internet los yog lwm yam kev sib txuas lus network. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tswj hwm kev lag luam kom ua tiav cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj thoob plaws thaj tsam thaj tsam, yog li txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab cov qauv kev tswj hwm.
3. Cov Kev Sib Tw ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tswj Xyuas Network
Txawm hais tias lub network tswj theem muaj ntau qhov zoo, nws tseem ntsib cov teeb meem, xws li cybersecurity teeb meem thiab cov ntaub ntawv xa mus qeeb.
VI. Intelligent Control Phase
1. Keeb Kwm ntawm Kev Txawj Ntse Tswj Theem
Lub tswv yim tswj theem pib nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 21st caug xyoo. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev txawj ntse txawj ntse (AI) thev naus laus zis, tib neeg pib siv AI rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntse.
2. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Txawj Ntse
Nyob rau theem kev tswj hwm ntse, cov tshuab tswj tau muaj tus kheej - kev kawm thiab kev hloov pauv, ua rau lawv tuaj yeem hloov kho cov tswv yim tswj raws li kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig thiab kev xav tau ntau lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev tswj xyuas ntse tuaj yeem ua haujlwm xws li kev saib xyuas kev kwv yees, kev kuaj xyuas qhov tsis raug, thiab kev tsim cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo.
3. Cov Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Txawj Ntse
Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm tswj kev txawj ntse muaj ntau qhov zoo, nws tseem ntsib cov teeb meem, xws li kev txhawj xeeb txog kev ceev ntiag tug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev nrawm nrawm ntawm kev hloov kho thev naus laus zis.
Kev txhim kho ntawm kev tswj hwm kev lag luam tau nce mus los ntawm ntau theem, los ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm mus rau kev tswj hwm ntse, nrog rau txhua theem nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab thev naus laus zis. Nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tas mus li, kev tswj hwm kev lag luam yuav hloov mus rau kev txawj ntse ntau dua, kev sib txuas, thiab kev ruaj ntseg ib puag ncig, ua kom yooj yim dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev tsim khoom lag luam.