PLCs yog programmable logic controllers, los yog tsuas yog programmable controllers, uas ua raws li microcomputers uas pab tswj cov tshuab automated. Lawv yog ib feem ntawm cov khoos phis tawj siv hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam, suav nrog kev tsim khoom, kev ua liaj ua teb, zaub mov, thiab kev kho mob / kev kho mob. Lub hom phiaj yog tswj cov tshuab nrog kev cuam tshuam tib neeg tsawg li sai tau.
Thawj PLC tau tsim los rau GM thaum xyoo 1960s los ntawm Dick Morley, tus kws kho tshuab tshuab uas tsim tau Modicon/Schneider Automation, Inc. Qhov PLC no yog qhov hloov pauv kev ua si hauv ntiaj teb ntawm automation.
Ua ntej tsim PLC, cov txheej txheem nyuaj-wired tau siv uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo rewiring thiab tshem tawm cov relays kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm siv thiab ua yuam kev yooj yim.
GM xav tau txoj hauv kev zoo dua los ua kom ntau lawm, tab sis lawv tsis muaj kev txawj ntse. Lawv xav tau ib tug engineer los tsim kom tau ib qho system kom tau raws li lawv cov kev xav tau, thiab Dick Morley, uas nws lub tuam txhab, Bedford Associations, twv rau "Modicon" project, tsim PLC.
Tom qab nws tsim tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev vam meej, nws nrhiav tau Modicon thiab kawm sai sai tias PLCs yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau ntau yam teeb meem uas tau ntsib los ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam.PLCs tau nrov heev.
Thaum koj siv PLCs hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam, lawv tau tsim los ua cov khoom siv hauv lub xeev nrog ob peb yam. Lawv tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev siv ntau dhau thiab ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov nyob qhov twg muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov txias / tub yees, cua sov, noo noo, plua plav, thiab lwm yam. PLC nrov heev. Tsib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua haujlwm ua ke nyob rau hauv lub programmable maub los, thiab yog tias koj muaj, koj yuav paub txog lawv feem ntau nrog kev paub txog yuav ua li cas cov khoom siv computer ua haujlwm.
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)- txhais cov ntaub ntawv, executes cov kev pab cuam thiab transmits outputs
- Kev sib txuas lus interface- tau txais thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv network los ntawm cov chaw taws teeb PLCs
- Input thiab output interfaces- txais thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov khoom siv sab nraud / chaw taws teeb
- Nco- khaws cov ntaub ntawv uas CPU yuav tsum khiav
- Fais fab mov- Fais fab mov uas converts AC voltage rau DC voltage
Lub computer hauv tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm feem ntau ua haujlwm nrog Windows, MacOS, lossis Linux, thaum PLC feem ntau siv OS-9 lossis VxWorks.
PLC tuaj yeem ua ib qho thaiv (ib lub thawv) uas haum rau hauv lub thawv me me. Ib qho cib tuaj yeem nthuav dav. Kuj tseem muaj cov PLC modular uas haum rau hauv racks thiab tso cai rau ntau lub modules nrog ntau lub zog.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm PLC yog dab tsi?
Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm PLC yog los ua tus relay. Nws yuav nquag khiav cov voj voog scanning los nyeem cov tswv yim, ua cov haujlwm uas cov khoom siv qhia nws ua, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig.
Nws pib nrog kev saib xyuas cov tswv yim, qhov twg PLC scans cov ntaub ntawv nkag thiab hloov mus rau microprocessor. Cov kws tsim qauv tsim lub microprocessor kom paub txog cov txheej txheem muab hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab siv cov txiaj ntsig no los ua cov kev hloov pauv tau teev tseg hauv qhov program.
Thaum cov kev txiav txim siab ua cov kauj ruam ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua tiav tiav, PLC pib tswj cov keyboards, motors, relays, thiab lwm yam khoom siv uas tsim cov khoom tawm ntawm lub cev.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev rau khoom loj, cov thawv ntim tau kaw thiab qhov chaw nyob yog bar-coded ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv txoj siv conveyor. Raws li txoj kev, lub scanner nyeem cov barcode thiab ua cov ntaub ntawv los txiav txim seb lub pob puas raug xa tawm hauv tsev lossis txawv teb chaws. Tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem coj lub thawv mus rau qhov qhib chute thiab coj lub pob mus rau lub conveyor uas yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau kev xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb.
Lwm qhov piv txwv yog qee yam uas koj tau ntsib txhua hnub. Koj tab tom taug kev ntawm txoj kev thiab lub teeb ua ntej koj tig liab. Ua ntej koj tuaj yeem nres, lub tsheb tua hluav taws los ze koj tom qab, thiab lub teeb ntsuab tig nrawm li lub teeb liab. Qhov ntawd yog PLC ua haujlwm. PLC cuam tshuam nrog tus kws tshaj lij thawj tus neeg teb uas yuav tsum tau tig lub teeb tam sim ntawd. Lossis, thaum tus neeg taug kev tuaj txog ntawm txoj kev, lub teeb hloov pauv kom tus neeg taug kev hla txoj kev. uas yog lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm PLC ua haujlwm.
Cov lus qhia xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws PLC rau koj lub tuam txhab cov kev xav tau
Koj yuav txiav txim siab li cas tus qauv PLC zoo tshaj rau koj cov kev xav tau? Qee yam yuav tsum xav txog yog:
- Kev sib txuas- Puas yog koj lub kaw lus puas muaj tus lej nkag thiab tawm cov chaw nres nkoj thiab puas yog hom PLC uas koj npaj yuav nruab?
- Hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm- Koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias PLC koj xaiv qhov sib tw ntawm koj qhov hluav taws xob.
- Kev xav txog ib puag ncig- Qhov chaw sov lossis txias npaum li cas ntawm PLC nyob? Yog tias koj koom nrog hauv kev ua zaub mov thiab khiav cov cuab yeej hauv qhov kub thiab txias, xyuas kom PLC muaj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
- Hardware compatibility- Lub PLC yuav tsum sib haum nrog koj lub computer lub tshuab thiab kho vajtse.
- Qhov chaw- Koj qhov chaw nyob kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov muaj ntawm qee cov qauv ntawm cov programmable controllers.
- Nco- Koj puas muaj lub cim xeeb txaus (ob qho tib si RAM thiab ROM) kom khiav lub PLC kom zoo? Kom ua tau zoo thiab ua tau zoo, koj yuav tsum muaj RAM thiab ROM txaus kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem.
Koj pab neeg engineering thiab programming yuav tsum koom nrog. Txawm hais tias PLC programming software feem ntau yog programmed hauv C, nws yuav tsis yog koj pab neeg nyiam. Nws tsis yog rau txhua tus.
PLC thiab neeg hlau sib koom tes los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, kev nyab xeeb thiab ceev
Kev siv cov neeg hlau hauv kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob tau raug tshem tawm. Cov neeg hlau yuav tsum tau programmed, uas raws li koj tuaj yeem xav txog tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau.
Visual programming ua rau nws yooj yim heev, tab sis siv luag-thiab-nco cov lus txib los ntawm lub ntsiav tshuaj. PLC code yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov kom tau raws li cov hom phiaj sib txawv uas tus neeg hlau ua haujlwm, tau txais cov neeg hlau ua haujlwm thiab khiav hauv feeb.
Kinseal Hmo
Haum rau ntau yam kev lag luam, ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, zoo rau:
- Automated warehouses thiab tsev
- Tsheb them
- Kev lag luam tshuaj
- Khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej haus Manufacturing thiab ntim
- General Automation
- Txhaj Molding
- Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Tshuab / Scanners
- Tshuab cuab yeej