I. Kev qhia lus
Muaj Kev Tswj Xyuas (ICS) yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom siv niaj hnub, kev sib txuas lus, kev tswj hwm thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam. Nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis thiab cov kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm qib kev lag luam, cov hom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab txhim kho. Hauv daim ntawv no, peb yuav qhia cov hom, cov yam ntxwv, daim ntawv qhia kev tsim kho cov qauv ntawm kev lag luam tswj hwm cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov ntawv thov hauv cov teb ntsig.
Ii. Cov Hom Kev Tswj Tswj Cov Systems
Kev tswj hwm cov tshuab tuaj yeem faib raws cov qauv sib txawv, cov hauv qab no yog ntau txoj kev ntawm kev faib tawm:
Muab faib ua qauv qauv
(1) Tswj Xyuas Nruab Nrab:Kev tswj hwm nruab nrab txhais tau tias txhua yam kev tswj hwm tau muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv nruab nrab, dhau ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog centrally tswj hwm thiab tswj tau. Cov kab ke no muaj cov qauv yooj yim, tab sis kev ntseeg tau yooj yim, tab sis yooj yim yog tsis zoo, tsim nyog rau cov peev txheej me, kev tswj tau tsis yog lub sijhawm ntau lawm.
(2) Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas (DCS):Kev tswj hwm cov kev tswj hwm yog tsim ntawm ntau qhov dispersed nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm lub zog, thiab los ntawm kev sib txuas lus network kom ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv hauv nruab nrab thiab kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv. DCS system muaj kev ntseeg siab siab, yoog tau thiab lwm yam kev zoo thiab lwm yam kev zoo, haum rau cov txheej txheem ntau, nyuaj heev.
(3) Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm (FCS):Kev tswj hwm cov qauv yog faib cov qauv tswj hwm raws li cov teb, uas siv cov ntawv sib txuas lus thev naus laus zis kom paub cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv thiab tswj cov khoom siv. FCS system muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub zog tiag tiag-lub sij hawm, qib siab degree ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, thiab nws yog ib qho kev txhim kho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj khoom niaj hnub.
Faib raws li kev tswj hwm khoom
(1) Cov txheej txheem tswj hwm:Cov txheej txheem tswj cov txheej txheem feem ntau yog siv rau cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, xws li petrochemical, ntau tiam thiab lwm thaj teb. Nws yog los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, ntws thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas rau kev saib xyuas tiag tiag thiab tswj kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab khoom lag luam zoo.
(2) DECRETE tswj system:Kev tswj hwm txawv txawv yog siv los rau kev txiav txim siab los txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, kev tsim khoom machinery, hluav taws xob tsim thiab lwm thaj chaw. Nws saib xyuas thiab tswj cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm kom ua tiav cov haujlwm siv tshuab hauv cov cuab yeej thiab ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
(3) Kev tsa suab tswj system:Kev tswj cov lus tsa suab tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev tswj hwm txoj haujlwm, nrawm thiab nrawm ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Nws yog dav siv hauv teb xws li Robotics, CNC tshuab cov cuab yeej thiab cov kab sib dhos, thiab ua kom muaj zog ntawm kev txav los ntawm High-Precision Tswj Algorithms thiab khoom siv.
Faib raws li kev ua haujlwm
(1) Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais (Scada):Scada System yog lub khoos phis tawj siv computer rau cov chaw taws teeb thiab tswj cov chaw muaj kev lag luam. Nws muab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus, tib neeg kev sib txuas lus, cov ntaub ntawv sau cia, thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv cov chaw xa khoom loj xws li cov roj xa roj , Kev tsheb ciav hlau thauj mus los, thiab lub hwj chim.
(2) Cov Txheej Txheem Logic Txhawb (PLC):Plc yog ib qho ntawm cov tshuab tswj cov tshuab hluav taws xob feem ntau hauv kev muaj tshuab automation. Nws cov lus qhia kom ua cov haujlwm thev naus laus zis, kev tswj hwm cov khoom siv tshuab lossis kev suav nrog cov khoom siv lossis cov zis ua haujlwm tau zoo rau lawv cov kev ruaj khov, yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm lub cajmeem.
(3) Tib neeg-tshuab interface (HMI):Hmi yog ib feem ntawm kev tswj hwm kev lag luam nrog tib neeg kev sib cuam tshuam, uas tso cai rau tus neeg teb xov tooj saib xyuas thiab ua haujlwm cov txheej txheem. Hmi feem ntau suav nrog khawm, cov nyees khawm ua haujlwm thiab cov teeb tsa, thiab lwm yam, tsim qauv, tsim nyog nkag tau cov ntaub ntawv thiab tswj tau.
III. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev lag luam tswj cov tshuab
Kev tswj cov tshuab tswj cov hauv qab no:
Tiag tiag-lub sijhawm:Kev tswj cov tshuab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag los xyuas cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo.
Kev ntseeg tau:Kev tswj cov tshuab feem ntau khiav hauv cov chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb, yog li yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab tawm tsam kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam.
Kev Nyab Xeeb:Kev tswj cov system cuam tshuam nrog kev nyab xeeb thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm nyab xeeb thiab lwm yam teeb meem, yog li nws yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb.
Qhib:Nrog kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum txhawb kev koom ua ke thiab kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov kev sib tham thiab kev sib pauv lus qhia.
IV. Daim Ntawv Thov Qhia Txog Kev Lag Luam Txheej Txheem
Kev tswj hwm cov tshuab yog siv dav hauv ntau thaj teb, suav nrog cov petrochemical, tshuab hluav taws xob, kev tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsheb thauj khoom siv, tsheb thauj khoom hauv kev thauj mus los thiab lwm yam. Cov hauv qab no yog qee cov ntawv teev npe ntawm cov xwm txheej:
Petrochemical Teb:Petrochemical cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog txoj thiab txaus ntshai, qhov xav tau rau kev tshuaj xyuas tiag tiag thiab kev tswj hwm los ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo. Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm lub cev muaj peev xwm paub qhov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov tsiaj sib tw.
Lub Hwj Chim Siab Teb:Kev ntsuas lub zog muaj zog xav tau kev tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lub zog ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ruaj khov thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab. Muaj kev tswj hwm lub cev muaj peev xwm paub txog cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj ntawm cov txheej txheem muaj hwj chim.
Mechanical manufacturing teb:Kev tsim kho cov neeg siv tshuab yuav tsum tau ua kom pom tseeb kev txav ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, nrawm thiab nrawm thiab lwm yam khoom ua tau zoo thiab ntau lawm. Kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem paub txog kev tswj tsis siv neeg thiab tswj cov kev tsim khoom tshuab.
V. Kev Tsim Kho Yav Tom Ntej
Nrog kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis thiab kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm qib kev lag luam, kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev tswj cov tshuab kev lag luam feem ntau yog suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
Ntse:Kev tswj hwm cov tshuab yuav them nyiaj ntau rau cov ntse thiab kev yoog raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshaj lij kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntse thiab tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Networking:Kev tswj hwm cov tshuab yuav them nyiaj ntau rau kev sib koom tes thiab kev sib koom ua ke, los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke nrog lwm cov kev sib txuas lus thiab kev sib txuas.
Kev Nyab Xeeb:Kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem yuav them nyiaj ntau rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg tau, thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb.
Ntsuab:Kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem yuav them ntau dua rau kev txhim kho ntsuab thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab kev txhim kho kev siv zog thiab lwm txoj hauv kev los txo qhov kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig.
VI. Tag
Kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm raws li cov tseem ceeb txhawb nqa ntawm niaj hnub tsim khoom, nws cov kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nplua nuj thiab txuag tau kom muaj kev tiv thaiv muaj zog. Los ntawm kev tswj hwm nruab nrab kom faib cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm kom cov teb chaws tswj hwm, kev hloov kho ntawm kev lag luam tswj kev lag luam ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab kev cog qoob loo tsim.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, muaj ntau ntau hom kev lag luam tswj cov kab ke, txhua tus nrog nws tus kheej cov ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Piv txwv li, DCS system yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem loj thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm niaj hnub nrog kev tswj hwm zoo niaj hnub no. Ib qho ntxiv, plc li "lub hlwb" ntawm kev muaj tshuab automation, nrog nws ruaj khov, yooj yim thiab yooj yim ntawm kev siv tau nyob rau ntau lub sijhawm muaj kev tsim khoom.
Thib ob, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tswj hwm cov tshuab txiav txim siab nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam. Lub sijhawm tiag tiag, muaj kev cia siab, kev ruaj ntseg thiab qhib yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tswj hwm cov tshuab kev lag luam. Nrog qhov nce zuj zus ntawm kev lag luam tsim ntawm cov kev lag luam thiab kev txawj ntse, kev lag luam muaj kev txhim kho thiab txhim kho cov nyom tshiab thiab kev sib tw.
Ib zaug ntxiv, kev lag luam tswj system muaj ntau yam ntawm daim ntawv thov cov xwm txheej, npog yuav luag txhua thaj chaw ntawm kev lag luam ntau lawm. Los ntawm petrochemical, hluav taws xob zog rau kev tsim khoom, thauj khoom lag luam, mus thauj thiab lwm daim teb, kev thauj khoom ua haujlwm ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev sib tw ntawm cov lag luam.
Thaum kawg, txoj kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam tswj cov tshuab yuav them ntau dua rau kev txawj ntse, kev sib tham, kev nyab xeeb thiab ntsuab. Nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis, cov ntaub ntawv loj thiab lwm yam kev tswj hwm kev lag luam yuav them ntau dua rau kev txawj ntse thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog kev nce ntawm kev lag luam hauv Internet thiab cov tshuab tswj kev lag luam yuav them nyiaj ntau rau kev sib koom tes thiab kev sib koom ua ke nrog lwm cov kab sib txuas lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev nyab xeeb rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus xaus, kev muaj kev tswj hwm lub tshuab ua si ib lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub. Nrog kev nce qib txuas ntxiv ntawm thev naus laus zis thiab loj hlob kev lag luam siv, muab kev txhawb nqa ntau dua rau kev lag luam, kev txawj ntse thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam tsim khoom.