Muaj cov tswj hwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv los tswj thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv thiab cov cav tov ua cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Lawv tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau cov kev siv cov kev lag luam, suav nrog kev tsim khoom, roj thiab roj thiab roj, tshuaj lom neeg, cov zaub mov thiab dej haus, thiab ntau dua. Kab lus no yuav nthuav qhia lub luag haujlwm thiab siv kev tswj hwm kev muaj thiab lawv qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub.
I. Kev txhais thiab kev faib tawm ntawm cov tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb
1.Douchition
Muaj cov tswj hwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv los tswj thiab tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv thiab cov cav tov ua cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Lawv tuaj yeem tau txais cov cim los ntawm sensors thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab txheej txheem cov phiajcim no kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
2.Classification
Muaj cov controllers yog feem ntau cais rau cov pawg hauv qab no:
(1) Cov Concord Climic Controllers (Plcs): PLCS yog programmable cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv kom ua tiav cov kev tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov kab ntau lawm, khoom siv txhua yam thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam.
(2) Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas (DCS): DCS yog lub kaw lus siv los tswj thiab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem loj. Lawv feem ntau yog siv hauv kev lag luam xws li cov roj thiab roj, tshuaj noj, thiab lub zog.
(3) Tus Saib Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv tau txais (Scada): Scada yog lub system siv los saib xyuas thiab tswj cov khoom siv tej thaj chaw deb. Lawv feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw xws li kev kho dej dej, hluav taws xob xa khoom, thiab tswj kev thauj mus los.
(4) tib neeg tshuab interface (hmi): Hmi yog graphical interface siv los tso saib thiab tswj cov txheej txheem. Lawv feem ntau yog siv los sib xyaw nrog PLCS, DCSS thiab Scada cov txheej txheem kom pom thiab tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
Ii. Lub Luag Hauj Lwm Ntawm Muaj Cov Controllers
1.AUAUTOMATION Kev tswj
Muaj cov maub los muaj peev xwm automatic cov kev tswj hwm ntawm ntau yam thiab cov tshuab hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, yog li nce nqi khoom siv. Piv txwv li, PlC tuaj yeem tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li cov neeg hlau, cov siv tawv duav thiab ntim cov tshuab ntawm cov kab ntau lawm kom paub kev siv tshuab.
2.Precise tswj
Muaj cov tswj cov kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm kev tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm los xyuas kom cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab cov khoom lag luam. Piv txwv li, PLCS tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov khiav tawm hauv kev ua haujlwm nrawm thiab kub ntawm cov cim raws cov sensors kom ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
3.Data Nrhiav Tau thiab Kev Ua
Muaj cov controllers tuaj yeem sau txhua hom ntaub ntawv hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, thiab cov txheej txheem thiab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv no. Piv txwv li, lub kaw lus Scada tuaj yeem sau cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kho dej thiab txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv no kom ua tiav cov dej ntawm cov dej zoo.
4.FART Kev kuaj thiab tswb
Cov kev siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuab hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm hauv lub sijhawm thiab qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Piv txwv li, A PLC tuaj yeem soj ntsuam cov ntsuas kub ntawm cov kab ntau lawm. Thaum qhov ntsuas kub tshaj lub teeb tus nqi, PLC yuav muab lub tswb ceeb toom kom ceeb toom tus neeg teb xov tooj ua.
5.Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thiab tswj
Muaj cov controllers tuaj yeem paub txog cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Piv txwv li, Scada system tuaj yeem paub txog kev saib xyuas thiab tswj cov khoom siv tej thaj chaw deb kom paub cov chaw taws teeb tswj ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.
III. Kev Siv Cov Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
1.Manufacturing kev lag luam
Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, cov kev tsim khoom siv tau dav siv hauv cov kab ntau lawm, cov neeg hlau, cov siv sia, ntim tshuab thiab lwm yam khoom. Lawv tuaj yeem paub meej txog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, txhim kho ntau dua thiab txo cov nqi ua haujlwm.
2.oil thiab roj
Nyob rau hauv cov roj thiab roj kev lag luam, muaj cov controllers yog siv los tswj thiab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem cov roj tawm, roj sib kis, thiab roj ntxiv. Piv txwv li, DCS cov tshuab tuaj yeem siv tshuab tswj cov roj roj roj los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab txo kev siv hluav taws xob.
3. Demical Kev Lag Luam
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, cov kev tswj hwm tau siv los tswj thiab saib xyuas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg. Piv txwv li, PlC tuaj yeem paub txog kev tswj cov tshuaj lom neeg kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ruaj khov thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
4.electricity
Hauv kev lag luam muaj zog, cov tswj hwm muaj los tswj hwm thiab saib xyuas cov khoom siv xws li cov nroj tsuag fais fab, hloov thiab kis cov kab. Piv txwv li, Scada tuaj yeem paub txog cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj hwm cov tshuab hluav taws xob kom ntseeg tau tias lub zog ruaj khov thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv fais fab.
5.mining
Hauv kev lag luam mining, cov tswj hwm muaj los tswj thiab saib cov khoom siv mining thiab tshuab. Piv txwv li, plcs pab kom siv cov khoom siv tsuas los txhim kho kev siv kev nyab xeeb thiab txo kev phom sij kev nyab xeeb.
6.food thiab dej haus
Hauv cov zaub mov thiab dej haus kev lag luam, cov kev tswj hwm tau siv los tswj thiab saib cov kab ntau lawm, ntim tshuab thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Piv txwv li, HMI tuaj yeem paub qhov pom kev tswj hwm ntawm cov kab ntau lawm los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab ua kom cov khoom lag luam zoo.
IV. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswj kev lag luam
1.Nimprove kev tsim khoom
Muaj cov maub los tuaj yeem paub qhov siv tshuab tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, yog li txhim kho cov nqi tsim khoom thiab txo qis cov nqi zog. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev sib tw thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov lag luam.
2.Qhov khoom lag luam zoo
Muaj cov tswj cov kev pab muaj zog meej tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm los xyuas kom cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab cov khoom lag luam. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev ua lag luam kev sib tw thiab cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab.
3.reducing Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb
Muaj cov maub los saib xyuas lub sijhawm soj ntsuam tiag tiag thiab pom cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb thiab txo tus nqi kev nyab xeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv cov neeg ua haujlwm lub neej thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm kev lag luam.
4.Qhov teeb hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob
Kev tswj hwm cov muaj peev xwm paub txog kev tswj hluav taws xob hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, yog li kev txhim kho kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kom tsis txhob siv fais fab. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev paub txog kev tsim khoom ntsuab thiab kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov.
5.Txoj Kev Saib Xyuas thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas
Muaj cov maub los tuaj yeem paub txog cov chaw taws teeb saib xyuas thiab tswj cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, yog li paub txog cov txheej txheem chaw taws teeb ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm.