Lub Tswv Yim thiab Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm ntawm PLCs
PLC sawv cev rau Programmable Logic Controller. Nws yog ib hom kev tswj hwm digital uas tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam automation los tswj ntau yam khoom siv thiab txheej txheem, xws li cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, cov kab sib dhos, cov neeg hlau, thiab cov kab ntau lawm.
Lub PLC feem ntau muaj cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab (CPU), lub cim xeeb sab hauv (ROM, RAM), cov khoom siv nkag (I / O modules), cov khoom tso tawm (I / O modules), thiab kev sib txuas lus modules. Lub chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev suav thiab tswj ntau yam kev tawm tswv yim thiab tso tawm cov cim; lub cim xeeb sab hauv khaws cov kev tswj hwm; cov input modules tau txais cov teeb liab inputs los ntawm ntau yam sensors; cov zis modules tswj cov outputs ntawm ntau yam actuators; thiab cov kev sib txuas lus modules tswj kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm yam khoom siv.
PLCs tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev sau thiab ua cov cim tawm tswv yim, lawv tswj cov teeb liab tso tawm raws li ua ntej - teeb tsa cov kev pab cuam, yog li ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tau thiab ua haujlwm zoo. Vim lawv qhov zoo-nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ceev ceev, ua haujlwm tau zoo tiag tiag- lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, muaj kev ua txhaum loj, ua kom yooj yim, thiab yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm -PLCs tau siv dav hauv ntau yam kev lag luam.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm PLC yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Txais cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim: PLC tau txais cov teeb liab tawm tswv yim sab nraud los ntawm nws cov khoom siv tswv yim, xws li cov teeb liab sensor (xws li, kub, siab) lossis phau ntawv tswj cov cim.
2. Kev ua cov cim qhia: Lub Chaw Ua Haujlwm Nruab Nrab (CPU) nyob rau hauv PLC ua cov txheej txheem tawm tswv yim siv cov txheej txheem logic, suav nrog kev suav, kev sib piv, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, los tsim cov teeb liab uas yuav tsum tau tswj cov khoom tso tawm.
3. Kev tswj cov teeb liab: PLC xa cov teeb liab tswj rau cov khoom siv sab nraud los ntawm cov khoom tso tawm los tswj cov xwm txheej ntawm cov actuators, xws li lub cev muaj zog, li qub, thiab teeb, yog li ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntawm cov txheej txheem automation.
4. Tau txais cov lus qhia tawm tswv yim: PLC feem ntau kuj tau txais cov lus qhia tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov actuators, xws li lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm lossis lub valve qhib / kaw, los pab txhawb kev tswj xyuas tom ntej.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, PLC tswj cov txheej txheem automated los ntawm kev ua haujlwm xws li kev tawm tswv yim, kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm kom ua tiav kev tsim khoom thiab tsim khoom.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm PLCs
Qhov zoo ntawm PLCs:
1. Programmability: Cov kev pab cuam siv hauv PLCs yog programmable dawb, tso cai rau cov neeg siv hloov kho thiab hloov kho raws li cov txheej txheem ntau lawm thiab kev tswj hwm.
2. Kev ntseeg siab: Cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software siv hauv PLCs yog qhov ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau lawv haum rau ntau qhov chaw thiab kev siv hauv kev lag luam automation.
3. Adaptability rau Diversion I/O Requirements: PLCs tuaj yeem ua raws li ntau yam kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov teeb liab tso tawm, hloov kho kom haum rau kev tswj cov kev xav tau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv.
4. Scalability: PLCs txhawb ntau yam kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus thiab nthuav dav modules, ua rau kev txuas ntxiv ntawm lawv cov haujlwm.
Disadvantages ntawm PLCs:
1. Tus Nqi Siab: PLCs kuj tseem kim, sawv cev rau tus nqi tseem ceeb rau cov lag luam me thiab nruab nrab -sized manufacturing enterprises.
2. Cov lus programming nyuaj thiab kev ua haujlwm: PLC programming lus thiab kev ua haujlwm yog qhov nyuaj, xav tau cov kws tshaj lij los sau cov kev pabcuam thiab ua haujlwm rau lub cev.
3. Ib qho kev tsis ua hauj lwm cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov kab ke: PLC systems nqa qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib qho kev ua tsis tiav; ib zaug ib qho kev ua tsis tiav tshwm sim, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
4. Tsis haum rau siab - tswj kev ceev ceev: Vim lawv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm qeeb qeeb, PLCs tsis haum rau siab - kev tswj kev ceev ceev, xws li cov neeg hlau.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, PLCs muaj qhov zoo xws li kev yoog raws, kev ntseeg siab, thiab kev nthuav dav yooj yim, tab sis lawv kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo nrog rau cov nqi siab dua thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab kev ua haujlwm. Kev xaiv yuav tsum yog raws li tus neeg siv qhov xav tau tiag tiag.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm PLCs
Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm PLCs suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
1. Kev ntseeg siab: PLCs siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob- xeev cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, ua rau lawv tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau sab nraud ib puag ncig thiab ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab ruaj khov.
2. High Flexibility: Cov kev tawm tswv yim thiab cov khoom tawm ntawm PLC tuaj yeem nthuav dav raws li qhov xav tau, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau ntau yam kev siv automation.
3. High-Speed Processing: PLCs siv high- processors ceev, muab ceev ceev ceev, lub sij hawm teb luv luv, thiab muaj zog tiag - lub sij hawm muaj peev xwm.
4. Ntau Txoj Kev Sib Txuas Lus: PLCs txhawb ntau qhov sib txuas lus sib txuas, xws li Ethernet, RS-232, thiab RS-485, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ntawm PLCs nrog rau ntawm PLCs thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
5. Yooj yim rau Kev Kawm: PLC programming lus feem ntau yog raws li tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb IEC 61131, ua rau lawv yooj yim kawm thiab yooj yim rau tus tswv.
6. Scalability: PLCs tuaj yeem nthuav dav thiab hloov kho raws li kev tswj hwm, muab qhov tshwj xeeb scalability.
7. Kev kho kom yooj yim, kev debugging, thiab tu: PLC qhov kev pab cuam kho thiab debugging feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv graphical interfaces, kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm yooj yim thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim.
8. Flexibility ntawm Programmable Logic: PLCs tuaj yeem siv rau ntau hom kev tswj cov teeb meem nyuaj, muab qhov yooj yim rau kev siv cov kev tswj xyuas logic.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, raws li ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm lub tshuab hluav taws xob, PLC cov yam ntxwv - suav nrog kev ntseeg siab, kev hloov pauv siab, siab -kev ua haujlwm ceev, thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm- xyuas kom meej tias nws cov ntawv thov dav dav thiab cog lus rau yav tom ntej hauv kev lag luam xws li kev tsim khoom, tshuab, thiab kev thauj mus los.