PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb tsim los rau kev lag luam automation tswj. Nws muaj cov txheej txheem digital thiab analog input / output (I / O) modules, lub hauv paus ua haujlwm (CPU), nco, thiab kev sib txuas lus modules. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PLC yog kom tau txais cov teeb liab los ntawm cov sensors thiab actuators thiab tom qab ntawd tswj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam raws li cov txheej txheem ua ntej thiab cov laj thawj. PLC cov kev pab cuam feem ntau yog sau siv cov lus programming xws li Ladder Diagram lossis Structured Text. PLC sawv cev rau Programmable Logic Controller thiab yog hom computer tshwj xeeb tsim los rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm PLC yog saib xyuas thiab tswj cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, xws li cov kab ntau lawm, cov neeg hlau, thiab cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg. PLC feem ntau muaj lub hauv paus ua haujlwm (CPU), cov tswv yim / tso zis, nco, thiab kev sib txuas lus modules. Cov input modules yog siv los txais cov teeb liab sensor, xws li kub, siab, thiab ntws, thaum cov zis modules yog siv los tswj actuators, xws li motors, cylinders, thiab li qub. Lub cim xeeb yog siv los khaws cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev sib txuas lus modules yog siv los sib txuas lus nrog lwm yam khoom siv.
Hauv qhov sib piv, lub microcontroller yog lub khoos phis tawj me me uas sib koom ua ke xws li lub hauv paus ua haujlwm, nco, nkag / tawm interfaces, thiab moos circuits. Nws yog feem ntau siv los tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov khoom ua si hluav taws xob, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsheb. Cov kev pab cuam rau microcontrollers feem ntau yog sau ua lus C lossis lus sib dhos. Lub microcontroller yog lub khoos phis tawj me me feem ntau suav nrog lub hauv paus ua haujlwm, nco, nkag / tawm cov chaw nres nkoj, thiab moos circuits. Microcontrollers feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov khoom ua si hluav taws xob, thiab smartphones. Cov input/output ports ntawm microcontroller yog siv los txais thiab xa cov teeb liab, xws li cov nyees khawm, LEDs, thiab buzzers. Lub microcontroller lub cim xeeb yog siv los khaws cov kev pab cuam thiab cov ntaub ntawv, thaum lub moos Circuit Court tswj lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
PLCs yog tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev tswj hwm kev lag luam thiab muaj kev ntseeg siab, ruaj khov, thiab ua kom muaj zog. Lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov ntim loj ntawm cov tswv yim thiab tso tawm cov cim thiab sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov khoom siv ntawm kev sib txuas lus modules. PLCs kuj tseem muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tau zoo, tso cai rau kev tsim cov kev tswj xyuas nyuaj xws li PID tswj thiab kev tswj xyuas logic. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm PLCs yog nyob rau hauv lawv lub peev xwm los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam automation, yog li txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab zoo.
Hauv qhov sib piv, microcontroller yog ib qho dav dav - lub hom phiaj computer uas tuaj yeem siv los tswj ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob me me. Microcontrollers muab qhov zoo ntawm tus nqi qis, kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg, thiab kev cog lus me me, tso cai rau lawv mus rau hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm microcontrollers yog tias lawv muaj tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm cov tswv yim / tawm cov chaw nres nkoj thiab tsis tuaj yeem tuav cov ntim loj ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv lub peev xwm programming kuj tsis muaj zog, ua rau nws tsis yooj yim rau kev siv cov txheej txheem tswj kev nyuaj.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm PLCs thiab microcontrollers feem ntau yog tshwm sim hauv cov hauv qab no:
1. Tsim Lub Hom Phiaj
PLCs yog tsim los rau kev lag luam automation tswj. Lawv muaj kev ntseeg siab, ruaj khov, thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam, ua rau lawv ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv kev lag luam hnyav. Hauv qhov sib piv, microcontrollers yog tsim los tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab cov khoom ua si hluav taws xob.
2. Programming
PLC cov kev pab cuam feem ntau yog sau siv cov lus programming xws li Ladder Diagram lossis Structured Text. Cov lus no yooj yim to taub thiab siv, ua rau lawv haum rau cov tsis yog-cov kws tshaj lij. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov khoos kas microcontroller feem ntau yog sau ua lus C lossis cov lus sib dhos, yuav tsum muaj kev tshaj lij programming.
3. Cov tswv yim / Output Interfaces
PLC input / output interfaces feem ntau yog digital thiab analog teeb liab interfaces muaj peev xwm txais thiab xa ntau hom teeb liab. Hauv qhov sib piv, microcontroller input / output interfaces feem ntau yog cov teeb liab cuam tshuam uas tuaj yeem tau txais thiab xa cov teeb liab digital xwb.
4. Muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus
PLCs feem ntau muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus zoo, ua rau lawv sib txuas lus nrog lwm PLCs lossis khoos phis tawj. Microcontrollers, txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev sib txuas lus tsis tshua muaj peev xwm thiab feem ntau tsuas yog sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov khoom siv ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj serial lossis network interfaces.
PLCs thiab microcontrollers kuj txawv hauv lawv cov ntawv thov. PLCs feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam automation tswj teb, xws li cov kab ntau lawm, tswj neeg hlau, thiab kev tswj fais fab. Microcontrollers, ntawm qhov tod tes, feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov khoom ua si hluav taws xob, thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsheb.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, txawm hais tias ob qho tib si PLCs thiab microcontrollers yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv los tswj thiab saib xyuas cov txheej txheem kev lag luam, lawv cov qauv tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm txawv heev. Kev xaiv ntawm PLC thiab microcontroller yog nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb daim ntawv thov scenario thiab cov cai. PLCs yog tsim rau loj -scale industrial automation, thaum microcontrollers haum rau kev tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me. Kev txiav txim siab siv PLC lossis microcontroller yog nyob ntawm cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab kev txwv nyiaj txiag.